It sounds to me like there's a severe disconnect between what you make of your job/performance, and what your manager does.
The very first thing you should do, is have a sit down with you boss. Ask for clarification on what your role within the company is. I would also suggest having a list of projects and jobs you've done (roles you've filled) with you. For example, you could start like so:
Hey boss. After my performance review I have some concerns regarding my responsibilities and role within the organization, and I'd like to discuss them with you. You see, while my role is officially "Data Analyst", in practice, I've also (mostly?) worked as a software developer, IT support, etc. I enjoy the data analysis portion of my job, but don't perform those duties on a daily basis simply due to the responsibilities assigned to me due to various momentary needs within the company. It seems to me that my review does not reflect my overall contribution to the company, and ignores some of these other roles which I have been fulfilling.
Make sure that you understand what your boss expects you to do on a day to day basis. If there's not enough work within that narrow definition, or if you could simply be helpful above and beyond those constraints, that's a separate conversation that needs to be had.
Right now your most pressing concern is understanding why your boss is dissatisfied with you.
This is pure conjecture, but it could be that you're being overly helpful. For example, you might be taking on work which is technically not yours to do, and as such, while you're being helpful to certain individuals, you're not fulfilling your responsibilities. This can also very easily lead to situations where you're stepping on people's toes, politically, and this review can be a reflection of that.
Personal experience: I once worked with a person who would "bounce" around the office, talking to people, listening to their problems, and coming up with "exciting" solutions to all their woes. While her enthusiasm was admirable, this person rarely understood the deeper implications of those problems, and blindsided managers by trying to push a "solution" onto them. It was never well received. In addition, it was not her job to fix - or even think about - those things. She would waste half her day talking to people and coming up with her "solutions" without having been asked to do so, and all while ignoring her own much more "boring" work. Managers considered her a problem employee, and she got some very negative feedback. She never got the hint, however, and considered herself a victim. She didn't last long.
Note: I would also be very concerned about your future there. If you truly are being very helpful, and putting in a lot of work which was essentially ignored in your review, then that's a pretty good indicator of your manager having some sort of agenda which isn't beneficial to you. They could be looking to keep you at a lower pay level, or get rid of you.