The os-release manual on Ubuntu states that the /etc/os-release file should contain simple variable assignments compatible with the shell and that one should be able to source the file:
The basic file format of os-release is a newline-separated list of
environment-like shell-compatible variable assignments. It is possible to source
the configuration from shell scripts [...]
$ ( . /etc/os-release && printf '%s\n' "$VERSION" )
20.04.3 LTS (Focal Fossa)
Above, I'm sourcing the file in a subshell to avoid polluting my interactive environment. In a shell script, you might not care too much about that. After sourcing the file, I print the value of the VERSION variable.
The bare version number, without the patch release number, is available in the VERSION_ID variable on my system. Still, you could get it with the patch release included from the VERSION variable by removing everything after the first space with a standard variable expansion.
$ ( . /etc/os-release && printf '%s\n' "${VERSION%% *}" "$VERSION_ID" )
20.04.3
20.04
On your system, since the VERSION variable seems to contain the string 4.4 and nothing else, you could source the file and use "$VERSION" without further processing.