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I read multiple articles refering the login shell and non-login shell,
still, I am very confused.
Difference between Login Shell and Non-Login Shell? - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange
The UNIX School: Login shell or a non-login shell?

Put it simple,
the shell I start from my own computer after I power on it,
Isn't it a login shell or non-login shell?

    $ echo $SHELL
    /bin/bash
    $ echo $0
    -bash

Additionally, Could you please help to determine taht the shell called from a program is login shell or not? 

    import subprocess
    subprocess.run('ls -l', shell=True)
Wizard
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    From one of the answers to the above: "# "-" is the first character. Therefore, this is a login shell.", and as for the program, that depends on on the program, doesn't it? – muru Apr 02 '18 at 03:32

1 Answers1

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As noted in this answer:

prompt> echo $0
-bash # "-" is the first character. Therefore, this is a login shell.

So your first example shows a login shell.

As also noted in the same answer,

Information can be found in man bash (search for Invocation). Here is an excerpt:

A login shell is one whose first character of argument zero is a -, or one started with the --login option.

And from the Python docs:

... Popen does the equivalent of:

Popen(['/bin/sh', '-c', args[0], args[1], ...])

Since the only option given is -c, it's not a login shell.

muru
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