Register environment variables in Dockerfiles dynamically

Question

Problem
Inside a Dockerfile, I want to do something like this:

ENV CONTAINER_INFO_GCC=\"$(gcc --version | head -n 1)\"

In a perfect world, at build time, this would produce this environment variable:

CONTAINER_INFO_GCC="gcc (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.12) 5.4.0 20160609"

Motivation

I want to see what is installed in my docker container with the Azure DevOps system capabilities windows.

For example, if I want to know which version of gcc is installed in my build environment, I can just take a look here:

Question
I have tried doing something like this, without the desired effect.

RUN echo CONTAINER_INFO_GCC=\"$(gcc --version | head -n 1)\" >> /etc/environment

Is there a way to use the Dockerfile ENV command dynamically?

Answer 1

As each dockerfile command is run, it will generate a intermediate container.

So the RUN , COPY, CMD ... command couldn't pass the environment to next container.

You need to use ENV set the Environment, but the ENV will not execute the command.

In Azure Devops, you could use Self-hosted Agent(Running in Docker) to create a variable.

Here is the steps:

Step1: Create a Self-Hosted Agent running in Docker.

Step2: In Build Pipeline, you could run the gcc --version | head -n 1

Here is a Blog about create Self-Hosted Agent running in Docker.

Update:

You could try to add the container resource to Azure Pipeline, then you could run the script on the container.

Here is a doc about this feature.

Here is the Yaml example:

resources:
  containers:
  - container: python
    image: python:3.8
 

trigger:
- none
pool:
   vmimage: ubuntu-16.04

steps:
- script: |
    gcc --version | head -n 1
    echo "##vso[task.setvariable variable=test]$(gcc --version | head -n 1)"
  displayName: 'Run a multi-line script'
  target: 
    container: python
    commands: restricted   

- script: |
    echo "$(test)"
  displayName: 'Run a multi-line script'

- task: PowerShell@2
  inputs:
    targetType: 'inline'
    script: |
      $token = "PAT"
      
      $url="https://dev.azure.com/{Organization Name}/_apis/distributedtask/pools/{Pool Id}/agents/{AgentID}/usercapabilities?api-version=5.0"
      
      $token = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String([System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes(":$($token)"))
      
      $JSON = @'
      {
         "Gcc-version":"$(test)"
      }
      '@
      
      $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $url -Headers @{Authorization = "Basic $token"} -Method PUT -Body $JSON -ContentType application/json

Result:

The Rest API is used to update the Agent Capabilities.

Note: We can only manually change the user defined Capabilities.

On the other hand, you still could create a Self-hosted agent running in docker.

Then you could directly run the same script on the agent and get the tool version.