Creating log table to register records MySql PHP

Question

I'm trying to create a log table for my DB that register all the actions that happen, and I was thinking of creating one log table for each table so I'll be able to read the information easily.
But I'm not sure how to do it because I want the input of the log table to a variable where I'll format the text and put the other variables to register the input.
Eg: $log = '[' . $data_log . '] ' . ' The item '. $ativo .' with the S/N '. $numero_serie .' was delivered to the employee '. $id_colaborador);

And for the DB I have this, I know it's wrong but I don't know why..

if ($valid) {
    $pdo = Database::connect();
    $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

    $acao_log2 = '[' . $data_log . '] ' . ' O ativo '. $ativo .' com o S/N '. $numero_serie .' foi entregue ao colaborador '. $id_colaborador . ' [' . $user . ']' ; 



    $sql = "INSERT INTO ativos (ativo,comentario,data_aquisicao,localizacao,fabricante,modelo,imei,
            numero_serie,ativo_sap,evento,data_evento,id_colaborador) 
            SELECT ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, id_colaborador 
            FROM colaboradores 
            WHERE nome = ?";



    $log = "INSERT INTO log_ativos (acao_log, data_log, id_ativo)
            VALUES (". $acao_log2 . "," . $data_log . ", id_ativo = id_ativo WHERE id_ativo = ?";

    $q = $pdo->prepare($sql);
    $qlog = $pdo->prepare($log);
    $q->execute(array($ativo,$comentario,$data_aquisicao,$localizacao,$fabricante,$modelo,$imei,$numero_serie,$ativo_sap,$evento,$data_evento,$id_colaborador));
    $qlog->execute(array($acao_log,$data_log,$id_ativo));
    Database::disconnect();

The thing is, I dont want the user to input nothing for the logs, it should be automatic :/

Fatal error: Uncaught PDOException: SQLSTATE[HY093]: Invalid parameter number: number of bound variables does not match number of tokens in C:\xampp\htdocs\gestao\Ativos\create.php:129 Stack trace: #0 C:\xampp\htdocs\gestao\Ativos\create.php(129): PDOStatement->execute(Array) #1 {main} thrown in C:\xampp\htdocs\gestao\Ativos\create.php on line 129

Answer 1

Your queries are wrong in so many levels.

1. SELECT ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, id_colaborador This really wrong Table and Column names cannot be replaced by parameters in PDO.

2. Your Insert query is wrong also :

   $log = "INSERT INTO log_ativos (acao_log, data_log, id_ativo) VALUES (". $acao_log2 . "," . $data_log . ", id_ativo = id_ativo WHERE id_ativo = ?";

The above query is so wrong.. INSERT does not support where clause, instead you are looking at update.

This is what you might be looking for.

<?php
if ($valid) {
    $pdo = Database::connect();
    $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

    $acao_log2 = '[' . $data_log . '] ' . ' O ativo ' . $ativo . ' com o S/N ' . $numero_serie . ' foi entregue ao colaborador ' . $id_colaborador . ' [' . $user . ']';

    $sql = "INSERT INTO ativos (ativo,comentario,data_aquisicao,localizacao,fabricante,modelo,imei,
            numero_serie,ativo_sap,evento,data_evento,id_colaborador) 
            SELECT column1,column2,column3,column4,column5,column6,column7,column8,column9,column10,column11, id_colaborador 
            FROM colaboradores 
            WHERE nome = ?";

    $q = $pdo->prepare($sql);
    $q->execute(array($nomeVariable));

    $log  = "UPDATE log_ativos SET acao_log = ? , data_log = ? WHERE id_ativo = ? ";
    $qlog = $pdo->prepare($log);
    $qlog->execute(array($id_ativo));

}

?>

Take sometime and do sql quires tutorials and be friend with php manual and sql manual

UPDATE

Based on your comment from below,

I want to create a new log record for that table based on the id_ativo that the 1st query will generate,

Then what you need to do when the 1st statement inserted successfully get the last insert id that was generate and use in the next insert.

This is how :

<?php

if ($valid) {
    $pdo = Database::connect();
    $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

    $acao_log2 = '[' . $data_log . '] ' . ' O ativo ' . $ativo . ' com o S/N ' . $numero_serie . ' foi entregue ao colaborador ' . $id_colaborador . ' [' . $user . ']';

    $sql = "INSERT INTO ativos (ativo,comentario,data_aquisicao,localizacao,fabricante,modelo,imei,
            numero_serie,ativo_sap,evento,data_evento,id_colaborador) 
            SELECT column1,column2,column3,column4,column5,column6,column7,column8,column9,column10,column11, id_colaborador 
            FROM colaboradores 
            WHERE nome = ?";

    $q = $pdo->prepare($sql);
    $q->execute(array($nomeVariable));

    if ($q) {
        //get last ID that was generated by previos insert
        $id_ativo = $pdo->lastInsertId();

    }

    $log  = "INSERT INTO log_ativos (acao_log,data_log,id_ativo) VALUES(?,?,?)";
    $qlog = $pdo->prepare($log);
    $qlog->execute(array($acao_log2,$data_log,$id_ativo));

}

?>