Questions tagged [nozzle]

Questions regarding the rocket engine nozzles, semi-open compartments of various shapes and sizes into which propellant components are injected by their own pressure or with a help of a turbine, often preheated and ignited to start a thermochemical reaction in the nozzle's combustion chamber, producing thrust with expansion into gases and ejecting them through the nozzle's exhaust as plumes, accelerating the rocket to high-mach velocities.

118 questions
11
votes
2 answers

Convergent-Divergent / De Laval Nozzle Dimensions

I'm creating a super sonic ping pong ball cannon like the one recently shown on Mythbusters. I plan on using pressure rated steel pipe so it's as safe as realistically possible and showing it off at science and technology exhibits for kids. I think…
Michael
  • 111
  • 3
6
votes
1 answer

What happens if the mass flow rate is increased continuously in a converging nozzle?

I recently studied about nozzles where I came to know that the maximum velocity one could attain using a converging nozzle is the sonic velocity at the exit of the converging nozzle. An further decrease in the exit area would only decrease the mass…
Prasanna B
  • 135
  • 5
4
votes
1 answer

Are there rocket nozzles that use non-elliptical shapes?

I was reading this question: Why the non-symmetric design of rocket nozzles? Which got me thinking, have there been any nozzles that don't end in an ellipse? Even the one in that question ends in a conic section, which is an ellipse. Perhaps maybe a…
Magic Octopus Urn
  • 9,387
  • 3
  • 31
  • 82
3
votes
1 answer

What happens with thrust if I decrease the convergent divergent nozzle exit area?

I am new to rocket design and I have a couple of questions. If I have a convergent - divergent nozzle and I have a choked flow condition for the throat, what will happen a) with my exit pressure b) thrust if I decrease the nozzle exit area? So I…
Lucas
  • 31
  • 1
3
votes
1 answer

Sea-level nozzles

I understand that there are sea level-optimised and vacuum-optimised nozzles, but why optimise for sea level when the rocket doesn't spend much time there? I would expect the first stage nozzles to be optimised for maximum specific impulse over the…
Paul Price
  • 133
  • 3
2
votes
1 answer

Difference between Optimum Expansion Ratio and Maximum Thrust

when I look at the equation for thrust of a rocket: $$ F=\dot{m}*v_{exit}+(p_{exit}-p_{amb})*A_{exit} $$ In the book "Rocket Propulsion" from Sutton it says on page 33: In the vacuum of space $p_{exit}=0$ and the pressure thrust becomes a…
Lucas
  • 37
  • 1
2
votes
2 answers

How complex is the science of a fixed nozzle shape?

Obviously in the simplest variant it's not complex at all. I've seen amateur rocket engine nozzles shaped through applying a nail to packed clay layer. How complex is the science behind the shape of fixed nozzles used professionally - in…
SF.
  • 54,970
  • 12
  • 174
  • 343
0
votes
1 answer

Calculate Thrust of Rocket Nozzle - Off Design

I have designed a nozzle for the following input parameters $p_{combustion}=p_c=200*10e5 Pa$ $T_{combustion}=T_c=2800 K$ $F=70 kN$ $\kappa=1,2$ $R = 330 J/kgK$ I assume that all my gas properties stay constant for this calculation. The nozzle…
Kevin
  • 29
  • 1
0
votes
0 answers

How to avoid big nozzle lengths in high altitude?

I am currently designing a serial staged rocket with 3 stages. The first stage brings me up to 10 km. When I do my calculations for the required expansion ratio and nozzle length (Rao Nozzle) for the second nozzle I get a length of nearly 350 mm.…
Lucas
  • 37
  • 1
0
votes
1 answer

Choked Flow: Throat Radius should not change any more below critical pressure ratio?

I am trying to understand some calculations of a student colleague: The pressure inside the combustion chamber is 200 bar. This means, the critical pressure ratio should be p*/p0 with p0=101325 Pascal and k=1.18 -- > p*/(200*10^5 Pa) =…
Lucas
  • 37
  • 1