Largest single burn spacecraft delta-v in deep space?

Question

This 700 m/s maneuver that was avoided got me thinking and then CNN's NASA mission will zoom by asteroid before returning sample to Earth said:

"Leaving Bennu's vicinity in May puts us in the 'sweet spot,' when the departure maneuver will consume the least amount of the spacecraft's onboard fuel," said Michael Moreau, OSIRIS-REx deputy project manager at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, in a statement.

"Nevertheless, with over 593 miles per hour (265 meters per second) of velocity change, this will be the largest propulsive maneuver conducted by OSIRIS-REx since the approach to Bennu in October 2018."

While OSIRIS-REx's 265 m/s delta-v maneuver seems quite large, they don't state that it's the largest ever, which leads me to wonder which one was.

Question: What is the largest single burn spacecraft delta-v in deep space?

Please exclude 2nd stages and kick stages and consider only the final deep-space spacecraft itself. Is it one of the flying fuel tanks's burn to be captured by a gas giant, or is it a six month uninterrupted "burn" of DAWN's ion engine, or something else entirely?

How about burns done while landing on the moon? I reckon those will be grestest. — zephyr0110, Jan 30 '21 at 16:26
I did not find figures but I think a good place to start is by looking for orbital insertions they can be rather big. — lijat, Jan 30 '21 at 16:44
@Prakhar "...in deep space?" excludes those. Cis-lunar space where the gravity of the Moon becomes as important as the gravity o Earth is not usually considered "deep space". — uhoh, Jan 31 '21 at 00:28
@lijat thus "... of the flying fuel tanks's burn to be captured by a gas giant" — uhoh, Jan 31 '21 at 00:28

score 5 · Answer 1 · answered May 21 '22 at 21:37

The winner is Magellan's orbital insertion at Venus at ~2.69 km/s (calculated). However, it is up for interpretation on whether or not you think Magellan's STAR-48B counts as "part of final deep-space spacecraft itself". It did make the 15 month interplanetary journey to Venus, but was jettisoned after orbital insertion.

DAWN is a strong contender with its ion propulsion system; however, it never continuously thrusted more than 2.7 km/s at a time according to this statement from Garner et al. "Ion propulsion: An enabling technology for the Dawn Mission" (2013):

For the first 2.75 years of cruise to Vesta IPS was operated at full power thrusting at seven-day thrusting periods (thrust arcs) with off-times for data playbacks and command uplinks limited to approximately six to nine hours.

In total during cruise to Vesta DAWN contributed more $\Delta V$ than Magellan:

(From Garner et al. (2013))

Orbital insertions at outer planets (all 3 of them; Galileo, Cassini, Juno) haven't been record maneuvers because launch/throw mass constraints dictate that they insert into highly elliptical orbits to avoid requiring as huge a propellant load. All had insertion burns of well under 1 km/s.

If Magellan doesn't count then the winner is, surprisingly, Mariner 9 at 1.53 km/s (calculated). Mariner 9 was the first spacecraft to orbit another planet.

Largest single burn spacecraft delta-v in deep space?

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