How is the presence of water detected on celestial bodies and how is its state, solid or liquid, determined? In a related question, are the same methods used to detect the presence of subsurface water, e.g the subsurface ocean on Europa?
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1Also see How many moons in the solar system have water? – uhoh Nov 07 '20 at 02:46
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterrestrial_liquid_water you find your answer here. – Nilay Ghosh Nov 07 '20 at 11:44
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1Folks lets leave this question open so that users will have an opportunity to write an answer this weekend. In this case there's no need for pre-blocking of answers here. The occasional canonical question leading to a canonical answer is one of those special success stories in SE that everyone can benefit from. – uhoh Nov 07 '20 at 12:49
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I think our excellent answer-writers can cover it well, especially if they link to longer answers here and in Astronomy SE for background details. These are different questions but have some potentially helpful answers: What's the scientific evidence of water for return trip methalox on Mars? and What forms of water ice have been observed and verified in the solar system?. – uhoh Nov 07 '20 at 12:51