a gray cards is used to determine the correct exposure or white balance before or during shooting
A gray card, being neutral in color, allows the photographer to remove a potential color cast in an image. This can be achieved by creating a "custom white balance" in-camera before shooting, or the card can be included in a shot, and used as a neutral reference point in post-processing. If the card is an 18% gray card, it can be used to meter exposure.