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I have an original jpeg image captured by a camera. I want to change the photo to another image so that the new image resembles the one which would have been taken with a camera with a different shutter speed. So basically I want to create images with a predetermined shutter speed of a camera.

Michael C
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nsidn98
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  • In what form is this "original image"? A print or slide? A JPG file? A camera RAW file? In the latter case, you could achieve some limited effects by playing with the exposure module in whatever RAW converter you use. The other cases are a bit more challenging... – twalberg Jun 06 '18 at 11:34
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    Based on @nsidn98's other question, and based on the tags, I think they are interested in the motion blur aspect, not exposure. – mattdm Jun 06 '18 at 12:30
  • The original image is in a jpg format. – nsidn98 Jun 06 '18 at 12:59
  • @nsidn98 Can you clarify which aspects of shutter speed you want to mimic? Do you want other factors to change realistically (consider aperture, ISO, and the overall affect on exposure) or do you just want to affect (or effect, as the case may be) motion blur? – mattdm Jun 06 '18 at 13:15
  • I want to everything else to be constant(aperture size,ISO,etc.) I only want to change the shutter Speed. Basically I want to simulate the Variation of shutter speed on Images. – nsidn98 Jun 06 '18 at 14:10
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    So, you also want the image to be over- or under-exposed? What is your end goal with all of this? – mattdm Jun 06 '18 at 16:37
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    @nsidn98 To clarify what others have asked (and you still haven't really answered): Do you want the effect of different shutter times to also reflect the changes in exposure as well as the changes in motion blur? Do you wish to show how using 1/30 instead of 1/120 increases the amount of blur by a factor of four and increases exposure by two stops? Or do you only wish to increase the amount of blur while leaving the exposure alone? – Michael C Jun 07 '18 at 03:29
  • I only want to increase the amount of blur. – nsidn98 Jun 07 '18 at 08:19
  • How about using an ND 3.0 filter and re-shooting the photo with decreased shutter speed while leaving all the other parameters the same? – flolilo Jun 07 '18 at 11:56
  • The problem with the above mentioned method is that I don't want to re-shoot the image. – nsidn98 Jun 07 '18 at 14:29
  • @nsidn98 Why don't you want to reshoot the image? Can you explain more what you're trying to accomplish? – mattdm Jun 11 '18 at 17:31

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You can't easily do this without a 3D model of the scene. A single photograph does not have the information you need. Now, it is possible using modern ML/AI techniques to have a system which infers ("makes up") this information, but it would be non-trivial and while there is research in this area, there aren't any off-the-shelf programs which do so.

Motion blur depends on:

  1. Distance to the object.
  2. Speed at which it is moving.
  3. Magnification — how big the object appears on your sensor.

Only the last thing can be figured out from optical properties — and it turns out to be relatively complex with real-world cameras rather than just in theory, so that's not something you can necessarily just infer from metadata.

The other things you just don't know from a photograph. Something that is nearby and moving slowly will have the same amount of apparent blur as something far away and moving quickly. The "ground speed" of the moon is something like 1000 miles per hour, but you can take an exposure of several seconds before any motion blur is apparent. Imagine trying that with baseball going at that speed right past your camera.

Without intelligence — either painstaking human work, or painstaking AI work — there's no way to tell if a photograph is of the moon or of a baseball.

I know this isn't what you want to hear, but... there you go. All hope is not lost, though because people are definitely interested in and working on this topic — it's the same thing that's needed to convincingly render other kinds of effects like "fake bokeh" that are in high demand in smartphones.

As a first step, check out this paper, and related papers on Google Scholar.

You may also try Artificial Intelligence Stack Exchange — that community may be able to help you with something like "How can I make a depth model of a scene from a single photograph?". (Although you're going to get better results the more you know on your own first.)

Once you have that model, you can go from there. The next thing you'll need is some way to assign speed to the various objects. Trying to do this by computing backwards from existing motion blur is an extra level of challenge — it will probably be easier to go from an "everything frozen" starting image and only add blur, based on artificial parameters you assign.

mattdm
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