In a QGIS 3.2 model can we use system variables?
Basically I want the input filename to be used in the output filename.
So
inputName.shp -->run process-->inputName_processed.shp
In arcGIS it's %inputName% and the value comes from Get Field Value - http://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/tool-reference/modelbuilder-toolbox/get-field-value.htm
===update
based on the answer from Erik -how do i use layer_name in the final column 'calculated' in this? i want it be the input name with '_processed' at the end.

layer_property(layername, source)gives you the source of the layer, and when running a batch process you may use the input layers name as a base for the auto-fill. Also, in the field calculator there are several other variables, e.g.layer_name. – Erik Jul 18 '18 at 11:19