This is what I know as an ESRI customer. They have over 350,000 customers worldwide. That means a company like local electric utility APS, where I worked at one time and has several hundred users of ESRI, or the City of Chandler, where I also worked, has a couple hundred users, are each only counted as 1 customer. Also, ESRI is used quite a bit at universities, many users, 1 ESRI customer. Even smaller oragniazations would have several to 10 licenses. So 1 ESRI customer does not equal 1 ESRI user. Most ESRI software has a cost, so that deters a percentage of people from even trying it, although you can get a 3 month free trial. So I would easily guesstimate that 350,000 customers for ESRI would equal approximately 10+ million users. Yes, hard to get real numbers, and difficult to compare freeware users to purchase customers. Probably one way to get some numbers is to contact the companies and ask for the total number of customer sites.
To answer the comment from WHUBER:
The source of my info is ESRI's website, and as a current customer at a Telecom with 3 licensed users, as well as my experience at other companies as one of many users under their client/customer accounts, and experience with multiple ESRI account managers across these different companies I worked for, yes, 1 customer/client = a single "site" or "company" to which ESRI is paid from for X# of licenses. APS was 1 customer, City of Chandler is 1 customer, etc. But each of these customer sites had several hundred users. If you go to ESRI's website and go to the About section you will see these numbers: 350,000 clients, 3,000 employees, 10 US offices, 80 distributors worldwide, 1,800+ partners. Oh, and wholly owned by Jack Dangermond (and his family?), so totally in the black, financially sound company with no stockholders telling them what to do. So they can follow the users needs and the technology trends.