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Non-computational models of cognition

There is a question on this site that asks a somewhat related question, whether there are non-physical models for cognition. However, that question still assumes a computational paradigm for the non-physical cognition. Another question asks whether…
yters
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Can scary movies trigger fight or flight and why can a person enjoy this while another does not?

Essentially, I understand the release of adrenaline can be addictive and that scary movies and events are a safe way of experiencing the drama without all the actual mess. but However, if we are triggering our fight or flight response, then isn't…
T. J. Napolitano
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Quantifying the Dunning-Kruger Effect

The Dunning-Kruger effect states that people unexperienced in a certain field or subject generally perceive themselves as having greater aptitude than in reality they do. Dunning and Kruger were able to quantify this using test-scores in their…
JMJ
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What are the "Must Know" papers of Cognitive Science?

What are the works/papers/results/theories any expert in cognitive science should know, even if they're outside his/her specific field of expertise? One paper/theory per answer please, and state why do you find this work important to know (and…
Ofri Raviv
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Is there a definitive list of intrinsic motivators?

I'm trying to work out how to get my team to understand that different people in the team get different things out of work (excluding the financial drivers). I want to explain this in terms of intrinsic motivators. I'm trying to get a definitive…
hawkeye
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Why baby animals seem "cute" to us?

I understand why babies seem cute to us from an evolutionary point of view: They need our protection and love to grow, so it's beneficial for them to look good for us, or at least their parents, since that makes them more likely to be taken care…
Santropedro
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Does breastfeeding lead to increased intelligence?

Several studies suggest that breast-fed babies become more intelligent children than formula-fed babies (e.g., Lucas et al 1992). Questions To what extent overall does research support the association between breastfeeding and intelligence…
user1132
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What research gives insight into the terms "low status" and "high status"?

Folk explanations of human behaviour often refer to "high status" or "low status", and the phrase sometimes pops up in more formal contexts (e.g. this question). However, one of the most cited sources cited as exposition of these concepts is a…
Morendil
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What is the average amount of new vocabulary adults retain when learning a second language?

What are the realistic/optimal (or maximal) number of words of vocabulary that can be learned (retained and later successfully accessed) by an adult learner of a foreign/second language? (Unit: per day, week, or year.) Initial research: Read the…
grunwald2.0
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What makes the difficulty of an arithmetic item? The operation or its length?

When presenting someone with an arithmetic item, let's say 2+2, what makes it difficult? Is the item 2+2+2 only longer, or also more difficult? Does the mental operation of addition make the difficulty, or also the amount of mental operations? Or…
Adam
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Jung - Anima and Animus

In the book Man and His Symbols Jung discusses the Anima and Animus extensively. As I understand it they are the two primary anthropomorphic archetypes of the collective unconscious. The Anima is expressed as the inner feminine personality in the…
ebrohman
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How do certain individuals, like Quang Duc, develop the ability to remain calm when enduring significant nociceptive pain?

A famous picture depicts Quang Duc self-immolating himself in protest of the Vietnam War. David Halberstram: "As he burned he never moved a muscle, never uttered a sound [...]. His face seemed to remain fairly calm until it was so blackened by the…
Wuschelbeutel Kartoffelhuhn
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Is there any evidence that language is the limit of the world?

Philosopher Wittgenstein says that "the limit of my language means the limit of my world". One theory that supports this statement is that people couldn't see the blue colour until they have the word blue. However, it has been proven to be false in…
Ooker
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Problem understanding the calculation of normative (Bayesian) base rates

I am having trouble understanding Table 1 of Gigerenzer, Hell, and Blank (1988, PDF, table on page 516): Focusing on the Jack row, it is stated that the mean probabilities of Jack being an engineer were 71.4% in a low base rate condition and 81.3%…
user1205901 - Слава Україні
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Judgments of similarity between samples of writing

I was thinking last night about the possibility of an experiment that investigates the factors contributing to peoples' judgments of 'stylistic similarity' between two samples of writing. For example, such an experiment might consist of multiple…
Mynah
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