"4M" is something that I have been heard of as a requirement set for tasty espresso.
What are these four important quality factors that affect the flavor of final espresso cup?
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Working on the knowledge base of the site and getting a generic answer out? Well done! – Stephie Oct 22 '16 at 13:02
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4M is a term mainly used among Italians for espresso. It is a placeholder for four words that start with "M" in Italian that affects espresso preparation. Some information can be found here.
These M's are:
- Miscela: The coffee-blend; it covers the selection and blending of the beans as well as proper roasting.
- Macinazione: The grinder; proper grinding of the given blend and its usage when its still fresh.
- Macchina: The espresso-machine; usage of the given grounds with a proper espresso-machine.
- Mano: Skill of the barista; usage of all above with skill.
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Some people add the fifth M, referring to "Maintenance" (keeping equipment clean, espresso machine descaled, having burrs in the grinder regularly replaced etc.)
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Mostly, I count the (quality & blend of) beans and the roast as separate. But never thought of this. Nice point. – MTSan Oct 30 '16 at 00:10