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In my inpression, the most of stones are oxides and hydroxides, correct me if I am wrong.

Anixx
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    Review the guides Asking and How to ask to prevent misunderstanding, need of clarification, objections, downvoting or closure. – Poutnik Aug 25 '23 at 11:16
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    related: https://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/75478/aside-from-carbon-what-other-substances-can-be-made-superhard – Buck Thorn Aug 25 '23 at 11:31
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    By stones you mean minerals? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology) – Buck Thorn Aug 25 '23 at 11:31
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    Define «stone». Just something «hard» like a rock? A mineral like rock salt (halit/NaCl)? An iron meteorite? – Buttonwood Aug 25 '23 at 12:01
  • @Buttonwood I think, stone is something hard, brittle, non-alloy-like (insulator, no metallic luster), not volatile, crystalline (not polymeric), not molecular, not organic, non-easily solvable, not flammable, non-fibrous (non asbestos-like). Basically, a gem. – Anixx Aug 25 '23 at 13:25
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    There are minerals of every kind you'd like, and you're not entitled to make some artificial definitions of words. – Mithoron Aug 25 '23 at 13:35
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    So biblical stoning was de facto making a heap of gems on persons being gifted. – Poutnik Aug 25 '23 at 13:41
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    Stone: hard solid nonmetallic mineral matter of which rock is made, especially as a building material. (Oxford dictionary) – Karsten Aug 25 '23 at 13:43
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    LOL - Let's not make this complicated. For all practical purposes stones are composed of minerals. A stone may be one mineral or many. // Now the OP needs to clarify if the question is over all minerals, or the relative fraction of the minerals that compose the earth. – MaxW Aug 25 '23 at 14:36
  • @Karstenyes. And rock cannot be made of volatile, easily solvable or polymeric materials. – Anixx Aug 25 '23 at 15:01
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    Silicates are polymeric minerals. And rock can be soluble. – Poutnik Aug 25 '23 at 15:11
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    To your credit "mineral" is not an unambiguous term. However it does have a common use where it refers to compounds with a solid structure. There are other uses that might refer to liquid substances (mineral acid, or your reference to petroleum as a mineral). In that case "mineral" is an adjective that distinguishes the origin of the substance, contrasting it to an organic or botanical origin. I had a look at the IUPAC gold book which compiles chemical terminology and there is no entry for "mineral". Assume then the definition in the Wikipedia or a good dictionary. – Buck Thorn Aug 26 '23 at 08:45
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    In general please use standard chemical nomenclature. You can ask what is standard use of course. Your question is a bit diffuse because "stone" is a common usage term, not a technical term. It refers to rocks of a certain size, and rocks are pure minerals or solid mixtures of various minerals. A second point of confusion is whether you are interested in compounds with a single element or only those excluding oxygen in their composition. – Buck Thorn Aug 26 '23 at 08:50
  • It's always interesting how people downvote questions, yet the top users are all replying it. Hypocrites lol. –  Sep 21 '23 at 11:58
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    @Minsky this question was closed twice: closed, reopened, closed by mods. – Anixx Sep 21 '23 at 13:51
  • Mods get fed up of their boring job, and become convinced that they have the authority to shame on others (even if they do not understand at all what the post is about), so most SE sites have a growing number of questions asked by non-verified accounts. This behaviour is then normalised and copied by new users. (In the beginning though, when these sites wanted users, it was quite friendly. Now business matters more.) The simplest solution is to just ask with random accounts, currently. –  Sep 22 '23 at 02:54

2 Answers2

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Most stones are silicates and aluminosilicates (which can be vaguely described as combinations of oxides), and thus do indeed contain oxygen. Among the rest, many are just oxides. Your impression was correct. Oxygen is ubiquitous. One doesn't get called the most abundant element in Earth's crust for nothing.

As for the minerals containing no oxygen: why, there are some. Pyrite is the first that comes to mind. Pyrite(Source: Wikipedia)

Despite its majestic look and the fact that you don't find it often among roadside stones, it is nowhere as rare as diamond. In fact it is quite cheap, hence the name "fool's gold".

So it goes.

Ivan Neretin
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    I wonder if the OP meant elemental minerals: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_element_mineral – Buck Thorn Aug 25 '23 at 11:51
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    I think not. After all, it would be hard to expect any of those to contain oxygen. – Ivan Neretin Aug 25 '23 at 11:54
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    @Mithoron I think this will be closed soon "of natural causes". – Buck Thorn Aug 25 '23 at 12:11
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    @Mithoron I object. The question is not too broad: it does have a meaningful answer. Maybe it was asked by a person who would not pass your intelligence test. Maybe. Actually, I like the idea of giving such test to anyone whom I converse with during the day. It would make a lot of things easier. But before such practice is instituted, I'd rather stick to my usual routine. – Ivan Neretin Aug 25 '23 at 12:15
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    Ivan, the thing is this could have a hundred answers, each one telling about a different mineral - that's what makes it too broad. It's a typical HNQ material. The answer is there's loads upon loads of such minerals, that's pretty much that, but we could easily have half of mineralogy put here. But, oh well, maybe I worry too much... – Mithoron Aug 25 '23 at 12:23
  • This thing on the photo does not look like a stone. Looks more like an alloy. – Anixx Aug 25 '23 at 12:59
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    @Anixx Please address the questions you have been asked in order to reopen the post. Pyrite is a mineral, iron sulfide. – Buck Thorn Aug 25 '23 at 13:07
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Yes, there are plenty:
-Sulfide (e.g. Pyrite)
-Silicide (e.g. Suessite). Here is a good link: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/18800
-Nitride (Siderazot ($\ce{Fe3N_{1.33}}$) is the only terrestrial nitride mineral)
-Carbide
-Phosphide (e.g. Schreibersite)
-Selenide
-Halide (There are some non-oxygen ones)

Nilay Ghosh
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