The reaction the formation of diazonium salts starting from aniline (nitrosation of aniline), which should be performed at low temperature.
Why is it important to do the nitrosation of aniline to diazonium salts at low temperatures (0-5°C)?
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1Diazonium salts are unstable and decompose readily at higher temperatures, sometimes explosively – Waylander Apr 23 '20 at 06:55
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If you work at higher temperatures, it's an expensive way to produce phenol. – imalipusram Apr 23 '20 at 08:09
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The diazonium salt solution contains the ion $\ce{C_6H_5NN^+}$. At room temperature it is decomposed into phenol $\ce{C_6H_5OH}$ according to the equation $$\ce{C_6H_5NN^+ + 2 H_2O -> C_6H_5OH + N_2 + H_3O^+}$$ – Maurice Apr 23 '20 at 08:10