When I reboot a headless Mac Mini server running macOS Mojave with sudo reboot, it becomes non-ssh-able. The same happens if a "fake monitor" HDMI display emulator is plugged in. This happens consistently with multiple Mac Mini machines. Interestingly, a "hard reboot" (holding the power button until the machine switches off, and then turning it on again) allows the host to come back online, even without plugging in a monitor.
Also, this issue does not happen if a real monitor is plugged in -- in this case the machine reboots fine and comes back online.
Fortunately, I work around the problem by disabling FileVault!
– Meng-Yuan Huang Dec 15 '22 at 01:02