I found a simple solution that allows you to designate a permission to parent folders and ensure that all contents will inherit those permissions. In your case, you want two parent folder with distinct sharing permissions (Drive 2013 and Drive 2014 folders).
On your Mac, right click on the desired parent folder and select "Get Info."
You may have to click the padlock icon located at the bottom right of the info screen and enter the admin password to make changes.
Make the desired revisions to the sharing permissions, and remember that the next step will propagate those sharing permissions into every file and subfolder contained within the parent folder.
Click on the utility icon at the bottom of the info screen (shaped like a gear) and click "apply to enclosed items." The system will notify you that all content within the parent folder will inherit the same sharing permissions, and this is what you want.
You can follow the same steps for both the 2013 and 2014 folders and set different permission for each. If you drag a file from the 2013 folder and drop it in the 2014 folder, the file will inherit the sharing permissions of the 2014 folder.
This link may explain this better than I did: https://support.apple.com/kb/HT1549